Regarder - French Verb Conjugations

Solution Of Water Pollution - 1025 Words

Water pollution is a major global problem which is the pollution of seas, lakes, rivers, swamps†¦ The pollution is made of storm and rainwater, sewage water and industrial waste. In developing countries, 70% of the waste dumped into waters are coming from industries. More than 80% of sewage from sewage treatment plants pollutes rivers and lakes without being treated first. 43% of Americas rivers and lakes are too polluted for fishing, swimming, or aquatic life. 1.2 trillion gallons of sewage water and industrial waste are released into US waters every year. Water pollution can also be in the form of solid waste. 3) Causes of this issue The first cause is the atmospheric deposition. Water pollution mostly doesnt begin in the†¦show more content†¦Iraq released over 300 million gallons of oil on purpose in the Persian Gulf to be offensive in the Gulf War. My fifth cause is sewage and wastewater. Households, industrial and agricultural practices make wastewater that pollutes lakes and rivers. Sewage is the word used for water that contains feces, urine, and other waste. People produce sewage and wastewater because they don’t know about helping the environment and they think that they’re doing nothing wrong and that’s why we need to alert them about this issue or sometimes there are storms and the government can only handle a certain amount of water so they don’t know what to do. Sewage water is pretty degradable and most of it is broken down in the environment which pollutes. The last cause is solid waste. Solid waste happens when people throw their trash (Water bottles, chip bags or plastic bags..) on the floor and the rain washes it down to sources of water. Or, before America used to put all their trash in a boat, sail it into the ocean and then dump it into the water! People cause solid waste because it’s cheaper from them. 4) Effects of water pollution The effects that atmospheric deposition has on water pollution is that when acid rain rains on water habitats (rivers and lakes) aquatic lives are hurt. Lakes and streams become acidic and the pH value goes down because the water and its soil cant block the acid rain enough to neutralize it. Frogs can tolerate high levelsShow MoreRelatedSolution Of Water Pollution1036 Words   |  5 Pagessurface has been covered by water, and less than a third is taken up by land. Water pollution has increased dramatically affecting our food system including, drinking water, and our environment.Water pollution is generally caused by human activities but may also be caused by natural resources. Before the 19th century Industrial Revolution, people in the industrialized environment believed that the oceans were too big to be polluted, so the problem of the water pollution has dragged along with it.Read MoreThe Effects Of Water Pollution On The World And It Requires Solutions1395 Words   |  6 Page sWater pollution is one of the most undesirable environmental problems in the world and it requires solutions. Textile industries produce a lot of wastewater, which contains a number of contaminants, including acidic or caustic dissolved solids, toxic compounds, and any different dyes, many of these dyes are carcinogenic, mutagenic, and toxic to human beings, fish species, and microorganisms. Hence, their removal from aquatic wastewater becomes environmentally important. There are several methodsRead MoreGlobal Water Pollution: Causes, Impacts, and Solutions Essay530 Words   |  3 PagesWater pollution has become a huge problem in many countries all over the world. It is known that water is a very significant factor in life, but if this water becomes contaminated, it will be very dangerous for the humanity and wildlife. Pollution is defined as to make fetid or unclear and dirty (American College Dictionary). So, water pollution means the change in the water composition to be dirty or unclear. This essay will examine the causes of water pollution, the effect of that issue in lifeRead MoreEssay On Water Pollution1493 Words   |  6 PagesProblem Water Pollution In my community, water pollution can often become a very serious problem. Pollution from sewage spills, storm runoff, road salt, and The Issue The problem in my community that I chose to research is the issue of water pollution. Water pollution can start by sewage spills, storm runoff, road salt, marine dumping, oil pollution, and underground leaks. In my community these factors can combine to pollute the water, turning it undrinkable and unusable. Water Pollution Who DoesRead MorePoison Water Essay1030 Words   |  5 PagesPoison Water The consequence of polluting the earth is constantly ignored by human beings. Pollution is dangerous and harmful to both living things and the environment. Chemical waste, fertilizer and numerous additional are one of the most important affect which is leading us to damaging possessions of water pollution, Pollution should be condensed in order to make available a cleaner environment and generate healthy living environment and habitat for all life forms on earth. Water pollution alsoRead MoreWater Pollution Is Bad For The Environment1252 Words   |  6 PagesPollution, of any kind is bad for the environment, but water pollution is bad for the environment and affects people. Our water quality is affecting positano and it s people. The article â€Å"Whale Facts† state s â€Å" Water pollution has become a growing concern over the last century as more and more waste is being disposed of in our oceans, rivers and lakes.†(Whale Facts). Water pollution is taking over our oceans, rivers, and lakes which are our primary drinking source. All the water that we drinkRead MorePoint Source Pollution Essay1248 Words   |  5 PagesLiterature Introduction Pollution has been an ongoing program that dates back thousands of years and consists of air, noise, water, light, soil, thermal, and radioactive forms (causes). This research paper will concentrate on water pollution, types, causes, and solutions to deal with what possibly will lead to an inevitable destruction of our environment, leading to water ways that cannot sustain life. Life cannot exist without clean, or non-polluted water. Since our drinking water and a lot of our foodRead MoreHealth Effects Of Air And Water Pollutants1269 Words   |  6 PagesHealth effects of air and water pollutants are major environmental issues that need to be better understood and controlled in the United States and globally. This issue is so important for many reasons, but for this discussion it is being identified to give a voice to the urgency to the world to pay attention to how our environment is failing into a catastrophic level of decline because of these types of pollutants. In order to overcome the pollutants there needs to be a call to action. We needRead MoreThe Effects Of Pollutants On The Worst Drinking Water873 Words   |  4 Pagesworst drinking water? Unfortunately, let me tell yes that Houston occurs the fourth place of the ten cities with drinking water issue after Pensacola, Riverside (California), Las Vegas, Riverside County (California), and Reno. Houston is the fourth large cities of the United States. It drains many water sources such as the Trinity River, the San Jacinto Rivers and Lake Houston. These water sources provide the drinking water that we use throughout the city. The quality of this water tested by TexasRead MoreWater Pollution : The Slow Demise Of A Community1552 Words   |  7 PagesWater Pollution; the Slow Demise of a Community Water is essential to all life. Plants need water, people need water, other animals need water; the point being that life depends on water. For thousands of years we can see that humans all have settled near bodies of water. This allowed them to have water for drinking, coking, and cleaning as well as a very efficient mode of transportation. We must be very careful to protect our waters because they are necessary for life. In this essay I will discuss

Emotional Intelligence and Effective Managerial Leadership Free Essays

Emotional Intelligence is the study of emotions and their impact upon the work environment. This definition must allow for external factors. Hughes writes an effective leader will have impact upon their team and this is â€Å"apparent in the growing interest over the past decade in topics like the leader’s genuineness, authenticity, credibility and trustworthiness† (3). We will write a custom essay sample on Emotional Intelligence and Effective Managerial Leadership or any similar topic only for you Order Now A leader’s reflection of these attributes is found in their level of connectedness with employees. As a result leaders are more interested in mentoring and training their team rather than focusing on output of numbers or turn around time. These qualities are a good indicator for selecting a potential manager. This development in team building allows for â€Å"providing people opportunities to learn from their work rather than taking them away from their work to learn† (Hughes 4). Emotional Intelligence relies upon the fact the leader will be able to have a competent level of interaction with the employee. It reflects successful leadership by allowing for complex relationships for team members by recognizing relationship building, capacity of visions and personal development. Emotional Intelligence for a leader means being able to read people, be read and allow for open dialogue. A corporation wants to hire someone emotionally intelligent because they have an understanding of the harmony between personal and professional personalities. To provide effective managerial leadership, one must display a certain level of Emotional Intelligence. It has been found â€Å"today business leaders rank Emotional Intelligence capabilities as critical to the success of today’s leaders† (Business Executives 1). Employees look up to management for guidance. By displaying Emotional Intelligence, the leader defines the boundaries for the team and creates an atmosphere for building relationships. This in turn creates stronger teams. In today’s company, the role of management also involves leadership within a team structure. A leader with a high level of Emotional Intelligence knows outside factors play a role in professional demeanor and have found a way to balance such behaviors. Also they are challenged by this balance and have a competitive edge. It is resilience, Hughes explains â€Å"that allows individuals to take difficult experiences in their lives and use them as opportunities to learn† (12). There is a level of change involved with studying Emotional Intelligence. The leader comprehends change as a constant everyday factor. The leader’s role is to sell the idea of change, commitment and expectations. A leader must also display curiosity, have guts and be a dominant force. Bennis reflects, there are two kinds of people â€Å"those who are paralyzed by fear, and those who are afraid but go ahead away. Life is not about limitation but options† (185). By understanding emotions, one can improve their own filtering of surroundings and enjoy greater success through relationships. Finally, competition is brutal and the global market continues to shrink due to communication technologies. It is important in leadership to embrace change and stick to a vision. By having Emotional Intelligence one can â€Å"recognize the physical and mental signs of our feelings/emotions before we can act on them meaningfully and constructively† (Eby Ruin par 20). How to cite Emotional Intelligence and Effective Managerial Leadership, Essay examples

Nike Cost of Capital solution free essay sample

Kimi Ford, a portfolio manager for the mutual-fund management group NorthPoint, was reviewing the financials of Nike Inc. to consider buying shares for the NorthPoint Large-Cap Fund that she managed. A week prior, Nike Inc. held an analysts’ meeting to share their 2001 fiscal results and develop a strategy to revitalize the company. II. Background of Firm Nike’s revenues since 1997 had grown from $9 billion, while net income had fallen $220 million. A study written by Douglas Robson printed in Business Week revealed that Nike’s market share in the U. S. athletic shoe industry had fallen from 48 percent to 42 percent since 1997. In addition, supply-chain issues and the effects of a strong dollar negatively affected revenues. In the meeting, management planned to increase revenues by developing athletic-shoe products in ranges varying between $70-$90 and push their apparel line. Nike’s executives expressed that the company would still continue with a long-term revenue growth target of 8-10 percent and earnings-growth target above 15 percent. III. Statement of Situation After reading all the analysts’ reports, Kimi Ford decided to develop her own discounted-cash-flow forecast to achieve the investment decision for her mutual fund. The forecast showed that at a 12 percent discount rate, Nike’s stock price was overvalued at $4. 82 per share. She created a sensitivity analysis, which revealed that Nike’s stock was undervalued at discount rates of less than 11. 7 percent. The results concluded from the sensitivity analysis made Kimi Ford unsure of her decision on Nike stock; she proceeded to ask Joanna Cohen to estimate Nike’s weighted average cost of capital. IV. Constraints on Solution Cohen calculated a weighted average cost of capital of 8. 4 percent by using the capital asset pricing model for Nike Inc. Cohen’s calculations are incorrect because she used the book value for both debt and equity. When calculating cost of capital, the market value of debt and equity must be used. The market value of equity is found by multiplying the stock price of Nike Inc. by the number of shares outstanding. V. Possible Solutions The analyst team calculated Nike Inc. cost of capital by using two different models and approaches and then choosing the best one based on confidence in the data. Market Value of Equity = (Stock Price * # Shares Outstanding) E = ($42. 09 * 271. 5) E = ($11,427. 44) The above calculation of market value of equity is much higher than the book value of equity that Cohen used of $3,494. 50. In addition, for market value of debt, Cohen uses the book value instead of using the discounted value of long-term debt. The market value of debt is calculated by adding the present portion of long-term debt, notes payable, and long-term debt discounted at Nike’s accepted coupon rate. Market Value of Debt = (Present LT Debt + Notes Payable + LT Debt) D = ($5. 40 + $855. 30 + $435. 9) D = ($1,296. 60) With these calculations, the weight of debt and equity of Nike and the company can be calculated. Once these weights are calculated, the company’s capital structure can be concluded. Weight of Debt = (Debt / Debt + Equity) W = ($1,296. 60 / $1,296. 60 + $11,427. 44) W = (10. 19%) Weight of Equity = (Equity / Debt + Equity) E = ($11,427. 44 / $1,296. 60 + $11,427. 44) E = (89. 80%) In addition, another issue is finding the correct costs of debt and equity in order to find the correct calculation of WACC. Cohen used the 20-year yield on U. S. Treasuries of 5. 74% as the risk free rate, which is correct given the debt was valued over 25 years and there is no given yield for that amount of time. Calculating the market risk premium requires using the two historical equity risk premiums given for a time period from 1926 to 1999: Geometric mean and arithmetic mean. The arithmetic mean is better for a one-year estimated expected return. Considering the 20-year yield on U. S. Treasuries of 5. 9, using the geometric mean is the best choice because it is for a longer time. To use the CAPM approach, a beta for Nike Inc. had to be decided on. To account for significant beta changes, using the average beta of . 80 was the best choice. This was decided on because using the YTD beta of . 69 was showing the past and not a good reflection of potential revenues. In addition, the average beta of . 80 will better show increases in market share. Cost of debt was calculated by the yield to maturity on 20-year Nike Inc. debt with a 6. 75 percent coupon semi-annually. The cost of debt was calculated as follows: PV = -937. 61 N = 40 Pmt = 33. 75 FV = 1000 I/Y = 3. 67% semi-annually (YTM) = 3. 67% * 2 = 7. 34% After-tax cost of debt = . 0734 x (1-. 38) = . 0455 or 4. 55% The cost of equity was calculated as follows: K(e) = Rf + Beta * (MRP) K(e) = 5. 74% + . 8 * 5. 90% K(e) = 10. 46% Using the values from calculating the weight and cost of both debt and equity, the cost of capital is determined to be 9. 86 percent. Using the WACC formula, the analysts’ team came to a different conclusion than Ms. Cohen. WACC = Wd*Kd (1-T) + WeKe = . 1019*. 0734 (1-. 38) + . 8980*. 1046 = 9. 86% The next model that the analysts’ team used to calculate the cost of capital was the dividend discount model. This model assumes that the company pays a substantial dividend. This model was rejected because Nike Inc. does not pay a substantial dividend. DDM = [Do (1+g)/Po] + g DDM = [. 48(1+.055)/42. 09] + . 055 DDM = 6. 70% . The final model used to compute the cost of capital was the earning capitalization model. The analysts’ team chose to reject this model because it does not take growth into account. ECM = E1/Po ECM = 216/42. 09 ECM = 5. 31% VI. Recommendation The analysts’ team found the weighted average cost of capital by using CAPM, finding a discount rate of 9. 86 percent. The WACC calculation difference of 1. 46 percent was higher than what Ms. Cohen calculated ofat 8. 40 percent. At a discount rate of 12 percent, Ms. Ford calculated Nike’s equity value per share at $37. Which is undervalued from the present market share of $42. 09. Using the discount rate of 9. 86 percent the analysts’ team estimated an equity value higher than Ms. Ford’s. The estimate of $44. 11 equity value per share overvalued(? ) the present value by $2. 02. This data concluded that Nike Inc. should not be added to the NorthPoint Large-Cap Fund at this time because the stock is overvalued. She should watch the company closely because Nike Inc. has growth potential that would be beneficial to her fund. Nike Inc’s. management has plans for the future that if successful could provide the company with abundant revenues.

Letter of Advice... Interpersonal Communication free essay sample

This a great article with good advice on how to communicate with your husband, wife or partner for the future. Without Communication there will not be a happy and long lasting result in a marriage. Within reading this article I was able to relate the knowledge with my own marriage of 5 long years. Learning how to communicate within listen as well as my tone and other forms to communicate has been susceptible for us. There has been along hard battle to fight through my ordeal, but the lessons of reading and responding with the actions have been very tolerable. I have had a very bad problem beening lonely after my children went to college and after I closed my business. Drawing more to my husband, I felt he was pulling away from me. There was not a day went by that I feel deeper in a depression without communicating that with him, I just assumed he would have noticed. We will write a custom essay sample on Letter of Advice Interpersonal Communication or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Now after talking the problem out and with quality time as well things are much better. Being able to relate to â€Å"Many couples think they are communicating with each other†, they are wrong at times, because I was that person. Within the statement, â€Å"Romantic relationships begin with a lot of sharing and excitement, (Terri Orbuch) I feel this is very true, because that’s why you get married. But, as time goes on other things take place within priorities before you mate. I blame this on life sometimes. Self-disclosure really is an important key to having satisfaction in a marriage even or a relationship, because it is an act of verbally or nonverbally revealing information about you to others. Within revealing your true thoughts and self you may allow other people to know the â€Å"real you† and not your public personality, which often leads to building the relationship to higher levels of communication. Self-disclosure is what your spouse will be entitled to that knowledge. When it comes to gender differences, there really is a level of expression that women and men have to different. When you make a connection and are able to understand how interpersonal communication works, you are better able to express and reveal information about the inner you. I have noticed that my husband keeps a lot of things bottled up on the inside and I really try to get him to talk about things. But within recognizing my husband’s stand on issues, I don’t push too hard. Gender roles are even greater over the years as men and women both have trouble in expressing their feelings, but if we learn to communicate better things will be easier. After all, we just want to be loved and cared for by our spouse. Unfortunately, I believe I have loved, lost, and lived to love again through our time together. I believe with time, exploring, and the use of self-disclosure that my husband and I will find our way back to an exciting new beginning to share with our extended family through generalization. I fit into the category because many relationships are typical. All arguments and issue seems to be the same, only to be in a different scenario. Communication plays a valuable role in our relationships one that leads to a long-lasting and healthy marriage. Some good advice is to make the best of every opportunity while having fun and loving the person you are with right now.

Text Organization Guide for English Learners

Text Organization Guide for English Learners Text organization refers to how a text is organized to help readers follow and understand the information presented. There are a number of standard forms that help text organization when writing. This text organization guide will help you logically guide your readers through your text. Text Organization: Referring to Ideas Already Presented Pronouns and determiners are used to refer to ideas, points or opinions that you have previously introduced, or will immediately introduce. Here is a quick review of pronouns and determiners with examples. Pronouns Remember that ideas, opinions, and arguments are considered objects in English which take object pronouns. it / it / its - singularthey / them / their - plural Examples: Its importance can not be underestimated.It now becomes clear that their role in production is vital.The government has given it ample consideration but rejected its validity. Determiners this / that - singularthese / those - plural This is key: Children need to be encouraged in order to succeed.Jefferson referred to those as unnecessary complications. Make sure that pronouns and determiners are clearly defined either before, or immediately after their introduction in order to avoid confusion. Examples: The need for economic growth is vital to any society. Without it, societies become defensive and ... (it refers to need for economic growth)These are vital for any job: interest, skills, manners... (these refers to interest, skills, manners) Text Organization: Providing Additional Information A number of forms are used to provide additional information in text organization. These forms are used at the beginning of a sentence to link text to the previous sentence: In addition to X, ...As well as X, ... Examples: In addition to these resources, we will require a further investment of ...As well as his difficulties in childhood, his continuing poverty as a young adult caused many problems. These phrases can be used in the middle of a sentence or a phrase to provide additional information in your text organization: alsoas well as Examples: Our commitment to the cause, as well as our financial resources, will make this possible.There was also time considerations to take into account. Sentence Structure: Not only...but also The sentence structure Not only clause, but also clause is also used to provide additional information and emphasize the later point in your argument: Examples: Not only does he bring experience and expertise to the company, but he also has an outstanding reputation.Not only are the students improving scores, but they are also having more fun. NOTE: Remember that sentences beginning with Not only ... use inverted structure (Not only do they do...) Text Organization: Introducing a Number of Points Its common to use phrases to signify the fact that you will be making different points in your text. The simplest way to indicate that you will be touching on a number of different points is to use sequencers. The appearance of sequencers indicates that there are points to follow or that precede your sentence. For more information on sequencers, continue on to the section on sequencing your ideas for text organization. There are also some set phrases that point to the fact that there are a number of points to follow. Here are the most common: There are a number of ways / means / manners ...The first point to make is ...Lets begin with the assumption that / the idea that / the fact that ... Examples: There are a number of ways we can approach this problem. First, ...Lets begin with the assumption that all of our courses are necessary for our students. Other phrases are used to indicate that one phrase is related to another in an additional sense. These phrases are common in text organization: For one thing ...and another thing / and for another ...besides that ...and besides Examples: For one thing he doesnt even believe what hes saying...., and another thing is that our resources cant begin to meet the demand. Text Organization: Contrasting Information There are a number of ways to contrast information in text organization. In most cases, two clauses are used: one with the most important information, as well as a clause introduced with a word or phrase showing contrast. The most common of these are although, though, even though, but, yet and despite, in spite of. Although, Even Though, Though Notice how though, even though or although show a situation which is contrary to the main clause to express conflicting information. Even though, though and although are synonymous. Use a comma after beginning a sentence with although, even though, though. No comma is required if you finish the sentence with although, even though, though. Examples: Even though it was expensive, he bought the car.Though he loves doughnuts, he has given them up for his diet.Although his course was difficult, he passed with the highest marks. Whereas, While Whereas and while show clauses in direct opposition to each other. Notice that you should always use a comma with whereas and while. Examples: Whereas you have lots of time to do your homework, I have very little time indeed.Mary is rich, while I am poor. Whereas, While But and yet provide contrary information that is often unexpected. Notice that you should always use a comma with but and yet. Examples: He spends a lot of time on his computer, yet his grades are very high.The research pointed to a specific cause, but the results painted a very different picture. Text Organization: Showing Logical Connections and Relations Logical consequences and results are shown by beginning sentences with linking language indicating a connection to the previous sentence (or sentences). The most common of these include as a result, accordingly, thus, hence, consequently. Examples: As a result, all funding will be suspended until further review.Consequently, the most important elements combine to provide a rich tapestry effect. Text Organization: Sequencing Your Ideas In order to help your audience understand, you need to link ideas together in your text organization. One of the most important ways to link ideas is to sequence them. Sequencing refers to the order in which events happened. These are some of the most common ways to sequence in writing: Beginning: Firstly,First of all,To start off with,Initially, Examples: Firstly, I began my education in London.First of all, I opened the cupboard.To start off with, we decided our destination was New York.Initially, I thought it was a bad idea, ... Continuing: Then,After that,Next,As soon as / When full clause,... but thenImmediately, Examples: Then, I started to get worried.After that, we knew that there would be no problem!Next, we decided on our strategy.As soon as we arrived, we unpacked our bags.We were sure everything was ready, but then we discovered some unexpected problems.Immediately, I telephoned my friend Tom. Interruptions / New Elements to the Story: Suddenly,Unexpectedly, Examples: Suddenly, a child burst into the room with a note for Ms. Smith.Unexpectedly, the people in the room didnt agree with the mayor. Events Occurring at the Same Time While / As full clauseDuring noun (noun clause) Examples: While we were getting ready for the trip, Jennifer was making the reservations at the travel agents.During the meeting, Jack came over and asked me a few questions. Ending: Finally,In the end,Eventually,Lastly, Examples: Finally, I flew to London for my meeting with Jack.In the end, he decided to postpone the project.Eventually, we became tired and returned home.Lastly, we felt we had had enough and went home.

Human resources management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Human resources management - Essay Example In order for effective strategic planning to take place, both risk and uncertainty must be categorized and classified. Merely because it is not known what might come of a certain situation, decision, or action, this does not provide the leader, or leadership team with an effective excuse for not at least considering some of the likely externalities that might come out of a given situation (Kim 65). For instance, if a particular individual within leadership, or 18 of individuals within leadership, are distinctly aware of a potential risk that they face, they would be patently foolish to ignore the risk and not focus upon the means by which they can prepare for the eventuality that all of the possible outcomes may portend. Some of these might be negative, some of these might be positive; however, regardless of whether they are positive or negative, it is necessary for the individuals within leadership to at least planned for them so that when they occur the maximum amount of utility ca n be gained from whatever eventuality presents itself. The decision-making process cannot and should not be understood as something that is undifferentiated from the individual to the group. What is meant by this is that an individual making a decision necessarily engages in the process in a far different way than does the group seeking to make a decision. All too often, leaders within a particular management team are of the opinion that an individual decision must be made in far too many circumstances (Klinke & Ortwin 275). However, the fact of the matter is that employees/stakeholders, are not only their two perform useful work; they are also there to leverage upon their own decision-making and encourage their participation within the decision-making process. As such, the individual decision-maker would rely upon the accident information and personal experience that he or she might have with regards to solving a particular situation. Leadership is not something that can be effecti vely performed utilizing either a firm understanding of one or the other aspect of risk or uncertainty. Rather, it is necessary for a true leader to be well rounded in the strategic planning for both of these factors. By allowing for a well balanced approach that considers the means through which both risk and uncertainty plays into the expectations for success and threats of failure that integrate with the future of the firm. Whereas it is tempting for an individual to rely upon a given focus to a greater or lesser degree, the more appropriate response is to allow for strategic planning to take place in a well nuanced manner; fully mindful and cognizant of the degrees to which strategy and planning are part and parcel of the role that any leader and/or effective manager must engage. By comparison, a leader within a group would have the possibility and likelihood of drawing upon the inputs of the stakeholders as a means of making a well-informed and dynamic decision. Neither approac h is correct or effective in each and every situation; however, from an analysis of the existing documentation and a integration with the information that is thus far been presented course, it is the understanding of this particular student that the group

Personal and Professional Practice Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Personal and Professional Practice - Assignment Example Appropriate skills coupled with market opportunities determines the best career an individual can adopt. These exceptional skills may fail to materialize if they are not nurtured and developed in the appropriate career environment. Once an individual has identified the most appropriate career based on the set of skills, the next step is to create a strategic plan of entering into the career field and achieving the desired goals within the stipulated period. In alignment with the works of William (2010), my career action plan will encompass 3 years. This will serve as a systematic strategy, which highlights on the steps, and actions with respect to the previous self-evaluation assessment. My strengths include exceptional communication, planning, and leadership skills. I am also enthusiastic, idealistic, and imaginative. In dealing with other members of society, I apply my intuitive personality and persuasion qualities to steers people towards the desired direction. With respect to the available opportunities, I choose pursue the career field of management. After settling on undertaking management, I will seek more information and clarifications from career advisors. This will enhance my identification of the best mentors in the field of management. ... includes securing a first line management job within the first three months, demonstrating competence and gaining experience within the first five months after securing the job and striving to attain the team leader position after the first year. In the first half of the second year, I will use the gained experience and my interpersonal skills to co-ordinate the processes of the team in meeting their deliverables within the given period. By the end of the second year, I am striving to be promoted to the rank of assistant manager in any of the company’s department. My final goal is to head a department by the end of the third year. Based on these goals, I will initiate my plan by identifying potential employers of young managers within the first one month of the first year. I will collect information and profile details of these employers from advertisement articles, magazines, and newspapers. I will also identify the employers from online advertisement databases. Application o f the suitable positions advertised will be the second step after acquiring the employer’s information. I will submit professional resumes detailing all my strengths and weaknesses. Thereafter, I will present my academic credentials to the head offices of the identified parties. All these are in accordance with the principles of developing an action plan as illustrated by William (2010) in his works. Once in the job, I will demonstrate my competence by applying the technical concepts of management in handling any assignment at my disposal. I will strive to acquaint myself with the company’s mission, objectives, and the ethical code of conducts. According to Tricia (2009), being conversant with these three elements will facilitate the performance of my day-to-day responsibilities within the

B300 Assignment 6 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

B300 Assignment 6 - Essay Example As organizations enter into different regions for their business needs they have to follow policies of the region. Regional peculiarities cannot be ignored in favor of centralized policy of the government. The phrase 'think globally and act locally' points to the same idea that organizations have to adapt their business policies according to the region where they have decided to go into operation. Middle East traditionally includes countries or regions in Southwest Asia and parts of North Africa. Persian Gulf is considered as the main centre the area around which is generally referred as Middle East. Bahrain, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkey, the United Arab Emirates, Yemen, and Palestinian Territories are collectively known as Middle East. Multiculturalism is one important aspect of the emerging Middle East and Dubai in particular. For example, all kind of eateries and restaurants Italian, Chinese etc. can be found. Indians, Filipinos, Pakistanis, People from Arab countries and people from Western countries comprise the workforce in Dubai whether it is white collar or blue collar job. The new cultural wave of tolerance allows foreigners to spend wee hours of the night in a pub while at the same time call for five times prayers also fill the air of Dubai. Apart from Dubai, Middle East destinations like Egypt, Jordan, Israel, Morocco and Tunisia have always been known for tourist attractions. Middle East has emerged as one the fastest developing economies. Their move towards success would not have been possible if the states had not joined the global business environment and participated in economic activities. The fabric of the society is also changing as these countries are evolving in different areas of economy, culture, science and technology. Yet there are many cultural differences and nuances that managers must know when dealing internationally in this region. The region can be an attractive business venture considering the market available. Regional Factors Following important factors may need management consideration for conducting business in a particular region: Managing Politics: Political systems as well as government supervisions and regulations change when companies choose to operate in a certain region. Sometimes government officials and the general public and political activists view foreign companies as outsiders and are suspicious of their impact on economy as well as politics. This may be specifically true in certain Muslim Middle Eastern countries where mostly democracy is not in place and rules may be bent to please the government of the time. Companies have to be ware of government takeovers of property and acts of violence directed against the firm. The examples of such acts can be seen in Anti-American protests on famous American businesses. Since, such acts are not uncommon in Arab and Muslim world; companies must formulate special plans and programs against unexpected losses. Political instability, at times civil disorders and frequent changes of government are some of the common political phenomenon in the region. Political instab

A Study Of Barclays Bank Plc And Globalisation Finance Essay

A Study Of Barclays Bank Plc And Globalisation Finance Essay A phenomenal development in the concept of globalisation has been observed over the last couple of decades. Globalisation can be explained as a multidimensional concept that is expressed through several ways by many theorists. The significance of globalisation cannot be denied hence it has increasingly gained ever- growing supremacy that in the modern businesses today. Due to the increasing significance, need and requirement of globalisation to be adapted by organisations / and businesses, the author of this report is particularly interested in further exploring the concept of globalisation in context to financial institution such as Barclays Bank plc. The author also understands that globalisation had been explained with various perceptions where as parameters of the concept are hard to define because of several factors influencing the conceptualisation of globalisation. For example, the political, environmental, social, technological, legal etc. factors influence how firms globalis e and operate their businesses. Therefore, this research study is also interested in identifying a valid explanation of globalisation that must be adapted along with the subsequent practices. In addition, it has also been observed that globalisation brings in new challenges and transformations that must be adapted by businesses in context to new risks and opportunities at the same time. Therefore an important question that emerges here is that how does globalisation influence on an organisational capacity of defining its business. In order to explore and examine these questions pertaining to and dimensions of the concept of globalisation, the author chooses the subject of globalisation to be explored in context of UK financial sector. Reasons for choosing Barclays Plc. Due to the global economic recession, the most affected business sector has been the financial sector. As evident, the recent economic recession claims high influence on the banking sector of the world. The after effects are established leaving the stakeholders of the global banking industry with high concerns such as whether or not the returns on their investments made into the financial sector and specifically financial institutions will be returned. Secondly, stakeholders are also equally concerned with business challenges faced by financial institutions such as Barclays plc. These challenges have been observed as loss of customers, high employee redundancy, loss of market share, loss of global supremacy of the bank in the global financial sector and so on. It has been further observed by analysts that these challenges are a result of misconduct of US Federal reserves (Protchard, 2008). According to the bank these challenges are likely to result in increasing inflation affecting t he financial assets of the bank and financial sector. The increasing challenges thus claims immeasurable influence with an increasing deteriorating circumstances leading the stakeholders in a grey area concerning the future of the bank and investments made by the stakeholders in the bank. Summing up the challenges, this research study aims to explore and identify the effect of globalisation on the bank in context to the challenges while redefining its business. The particular reason for choosing Barclays Bank plc is that it is one of the leading banks across the globe that has been successfully adapting globalisation long before other businesses had realised the opportunities to globalise their business operations. Secondly it is also intended to assess that how does a global giant redefines its business in order to address the challenges posed by globalisation. This particular bank has also been chosen because it operates in the global financial sector that has been immensely affected by the global economic recession. Introduction to Barclays Plc. Barclays Bank plc is one of the major global banks that have been providing financial products and services in commercial, and investment banking and retail banking for over a period of 300 years. It is listed on New York and London stock market, whilst operating in 50 countries across the globe including United States, Asia, Africa and Europe. Employing 156,000 people across the globe and serving 48 million customers, the bank has developed its to business clusters that are: a) Commercial Banking and Global Retail and b) Investment Management and Investment Banking. These business clusters are made up of world-class financial and businesses brand portfolio. During the worst period of recession i.e. 2008, the bank announced a profit of  £ 6.1 billion before tax (Barclays plc Sustainability Review report, 2008). The bank is headquartered in the UK and is called as Group Centre facilitating functional operations (Group.Barclays.Com, 2009). Research objectives and research questions This paper aims to discuss tasks of defining an organisation mission influenced by globalisation. The objectives of this study are: To identify globalisation influencing on how firm redefine its business. With in the same context, what remains compelling now and what must be adapted and Why redefining business mission and subsequent practices is significant and must be adapted. To make recommendations. The research questions are: What is globalisation and how does it affect the businesses in redefining their business? What factors are influential upon managements decision on redefining businesses due to globalisation? Overall research approach and research framework developed to address the project objectives and research questions The overall research approach (Walsh and Wigens, 2003) that has been adapted by this study is explained as: a) identify research subject, b) obtain and review contextual / background information of the subject, c) identify research questions, d) define research strategy, e) identify the process and techniques of collecting data, f) carry out pilot study, g) analyse and interpret data, and h) draft research report. The data sources used for the purpose of this study are primary and secondary, where as the research strategy is the case study and survey strategy. Deductive approach of logical reasoning has also been implied along with using qualitative data analysis techniques. The research study has been underpinned by appropriate theories. PART 2 Information gathering and business techniques The data and information that has been collected concerns the subject of globalisation and its impact on the business operations of Barclays bank plc. The primary and secondary data sources enabled the researcher to collect information regarding impact of globalisation on business operations of the bank. The researcher also concentrates on evaluating current business operations of the bank by means of using three business research tools, which are Porters value chain analysis model (Katisioludes, 2006), Porters five forces analysis model (Ahlstrom and Bruton, 2009), and Porters model for competitive advantage (Porter, 1998). Utilization of these business tools directed the research study towards making analysis and evaluation of the current business global practices adapted by Barclays bank plc. Once the process of analysis and evaluation is completed, the generated information was drawn to identify those factors that influence business operations in context of globalisation as well as impact of globalisation on the bank. This information has been further used to recognize and determine the need to redefine the business mission and subsequent strategies and practices. The last step was to make recommendations through which the bank can possibly address to the changing needs of the global market specifically customers and stakeholders. The chosen business techniques Sources of information The research data has been obtained from primary and secondary sources. Primary data source is formed of survey research study that has been carried out for the purpose of this specific study. In addition to primary research data surces, secondary data sources are formed of academic books, research journal articles, online newspapers, company published reports, independent reports published by organisations such as Datamonitor etc. Description of the methods used to collect information, including online access The data has been collected through implying two research tools i.e. a) survey research questionnaires and b) using and reviewing secondary sources to obtain background information regarding the context of subject of globalisation and Barclays Bank plc. The survey questionnaires are designed as open-ended and semi- structured in order to draw in-depth analysis concerning the participants experiences, viewpoints and opinions along with addressing the research questions. The strength of survey questionnaires lies in drawing out perceptive responses, exceptional characteristic and contradictory (if any) views of the participants. Secondly survey research method also draws out interpretive standpoint of the survey participants (Mack and Woodsong, 2005; Marshall and Rossman, 2006). This technique of primary data collection is cost-effective and efficient. The primary data was collected through a self-administered e-mail platform and the survey participants were randomly selected. An estim ated number of hundred employees of Barclays Bank plc were contacted and invited through e-mails to participate in the survey research study. The purpose, objectives and outcomes of the survey research were explained. Only 35 of these contacted employees replied positively, demonstrating their interest and commitment in participating in the survey research. A pilot study was first conducted through inviting 10 respondents. The comments and feedback (explaining the validity and viability of questions, ease of understanding the questions, possible interpretations of the questions by the participants etc.) of these respondents were valuable in reforming the final survey questionnaire. Once the final questionnaire was designed, it was sent to all survey participants through e-mail. The respondents were provided with a period of four weeks to fill in the questionnaires and return it to the researchers provided e-mail address. The secondary data was collected through reviewing research journal articles accessible through databases such as Emerald, Sage Journals, Informaworld, ScienceDirect, Willey Science, Datamonitor etc. Secondary data was also collected through reviewing reports published by Barclays Bank plc, along with reviewing online newspapers. The data was reviewed and analysed to extract valuable information concerning the subject. Research limitations while gathering information While collecting the information certain limitations have been encountered by the researcher such as possibility of biased reviews regarding the organisational performance of the bank that is likely to mislead the researcher while forming opinions. Secondly while carrying out the primary research, it is expected that the survey participants may be influenced by certain factors that can affect the quality and validity of their replies. Lastly the researcher aimed to contact at least 75 employees in order to draw significant research findings, however due to limited survey population it is expected that the research findings and analysis may not be viable due to the fact that sample population may not represent the actual population. Drawing on these limitations, it is expected that the data validity can be challenged. Identification of any ethical issues that arose during information gathering and how such issues are resolved While carrying out the primary research, researcher was particularly focused towards maintaining the integrity of the collected data. This means that all the data and information collected as a result of primary research must be protected against any misuse of information. For example the research explained the survey participants that the collected data will only be used for the identified purpose and objectives. In order to maintain the researchers claim, it is crucial that the data stays with the researcher where as the name, contact details such as email addresses etc. of survey participants are kept confidential. The data integrity has also been maintained which means that data has been interpreted and analyzed through avoiding any biased views of the researcher towards the studied organisation and collected data. Secondly, while referring to the secondary data collected for the purpose of this study, the researcher was particularly focused towards ensuring that all the previous research studies used for this study are appropriately and sufficiently referenced, credited and acknowledged. For this reason, the researcher ensured that all the data provided by previous researchers have been appropriately referred and acknowledged. For that reason, this report is free of plagiarism, where as all the previous research studies have been appropriately referenced and credited. An explanation of business techniques that have been used, including a discussion of their limitations. The business research techniques that have been used for this research study are case study and survey strategies, qualitative data analysis techniques and deductive approach of logical reasoning. The case study strategy is explained as strategy of carrying out research including practical examination and analysis of a specific contemporary phenomenon as explained within its real-life business scenarios through implication of multiple sources of data validation (Robson, 2002). The limitation of this strategy is to draw perceptive meaning out of the collected data that can vary from researcher to researcher. The perception of the data can also be influenced by the context of the research subject (Yin, 2004). The survey research strategy is explained as carrying out survey research by means of involving a sample of population to answer provided questions. The limitation of this strategy is that the researcher is solely dependent upon the data provided by the survey participants, hence the research findings and analysis is a result of data provided by the participants that may not be validated if required. The data analysis technique adapted by this research study is qualitative data analysis technique. The qualitative technique enables the researcher to determine information that is extracted according to the constructivist perspective or participatory perspective or even both. Constructivist perspective has been explained as research built upon several interpretations of various understandings collected by the researcher with an ambition of establishing a theory or research pattern. On the other hand, participatory perspective has been explained as constructing upon issue- related, change oriented or combined perspectives (Creswell, 2003). This research study adapts the constructivist perspective of data analysis technique. The limitations of this technique experienced by the researcher are a) difficulty in making structured comparisons while analyzing and interpreting data, b) process of data analysis is dependent upon the skills of the researcher, c) time-consuming process and d) r elatively less easy to generalise the data. In addition to above technique, deductive approach of logical reasoning has been implied by this study. This approach is directly associated with research environment. Deductive approach of logical reasoning has been utilised by means of using following pattern: a) making observations, b) observing research patterns, c) testing hypothesis and d) testing the theory involved (Miles and Huberman, 1994; Cooper and Schindler, 2006). The limitation of this approach as experienced by the researcher is that conclusions are made based on assumptions drawn through empirical evidences that can be different within the context of different research environments. PART 3 Results, analysis, conclusions and recommendations A description of the results that have obtained and any limitations This section of the report aims to present all the collected data and information, based upon which, analysis and research findings have been presented in the following section. This section identifies global challenges faced by the bank while operating globally. Upon identifying these challenges, the adapted practices of the bank are examined in redefining its global business mission resulting in subsequent strategies and practices. The limitations faced during the data collection and data analysis process are same as identified in the previous section of this report. Challenges faced by Barclays Bank plc as a result of globalisation Globalisation has been explained as a multi- faceted phenomenon carrying different viewpoints as has been realised by the review of the literature (e.g. Rapley, 2004; Meffert and Bloch, 1991). This means that the dynamic nature of the phenomenon is likely to raise challenges such as global warming, carrying out ethical business, addressing social responsibility issues, paying back to the communities where the business operates and so on. These challenges were not known about 50 years ago before the advent of globalisation. Similarly, even though Barclays Bank plc has been increasingly expanding its global business, nevertheless the aforementioned issues increasingly and continually keep challenge the bank. In addition, other economical challenges such as poverty and taking strategic steps to combat poverty require competent economic policies to be adapted that supports the business policies at the same time (Fischer, 2003). Therefore, Barclays is increasingly challenged to not only d eliver business performance excellence but it is also challenged to serve back the communities by means of addressing issues such as fighting poverty with in the communities where it is operating. Secondly the economic challenge faced by the bank is addressing to the issues of credit crunch. The recessed economy restricts economic development of countries where it is currently operation. As a result of which, management has to take decisions such as job redundancies. For that reason it is argued that despite of the fact that globalisation fosters equality, the results of integration of global economy, and the consequences of flow of capital across national boundaries is likely to threaten the global financial structure of the economies (Fischer 2003; Lloyd and Demos 2001; Baldwin and Winters 2004). Another issue that is faced by the bank is technological advancement, which is considered to be a dominant driver for the changes experienced by the bank in the due course of process of globalisation (Mulgan, 2007). The same researcher states that those organisations which were household names with in last 20 years time of time period, are now web- based organisations with established and fundamental fears that Internet could further advance into more commercialised and develop in to inaccessible commodity then it can be realised today (Mulgan, 2007). Upon identifying these challenges, the researcher now aims to examine the business operations of the bank in context to creating its value chain and competitive advantage. This identification leads the researcher towards assessing how the effect of global age, and globalisation resulted in defining the business mission and subsequent strategies and practices by Barclays Bank plc. In context with the above challenges faced by the bank due to adaption of globalisation as a fundamental business need, the research study now aims to analyse and evaluate current value chain of the bank and industrial competitive forces in order to identify how these challenges influence the redefinition of business mission and subsequent strategic practices of the bank. Implying the value chain analysis as proposed by Porter (Katsioloudes, 2006), following findings and analysis has been presented. The data of Barclays Bank has been extracted from Barclays Bank PLC Sustainability Review (2008) and primary data collected through survey research questionnaires (see appendix 1). Inbound logistics Suppliers of the bank are required to attend to challenges such as supply chain risks, business integrity, human rights and environmental issues so that a sustainable supply chain steering group can be established that will be accountable to improve business processes, tools and techniques along with addressing training and development needs of its employees as well as supply chain partners in order to operate successfully in the global market. Operations The UK and the European business operations of the bank equalized operational carbon emissions as well as reduced energy consumption per employee by a rate of 2.1 per cent. The same carbon operations had been executed and practiced across the global operations by the end of year 2009. Secondly the bank demonstrates its commitment to stabilize economies those extending beyond its own operations and procurement strategies so that a distinguished role of the bank can be recognised in developing long-term relationship with its customers and stakeholders. Outbound logistics The bank capitalizes on the advantages laid by new regulations on the banking and financial sector to secure a handful of distributors. Previously, the bank was connected to one provider and regulated by the legislative requirements, however today it is tied to 6 distributors such as fund managers, life insurance and so forth. Marketing and sales The bank has been observed and reported to be supporting small and medium enterprises in the UK even though the local economy had been under financial distress that resulted in an increment of 6 per cent in its lending to the small and medium enterprises. In context of its global operations, the bank also announced and executed a debt repair line for South African customers who were facing financial difficulties. Further on with an ambition of attending to the changing customer needs and demands, the bank has been increasingly observed and reported to be developing its customer relationship along with investing in innovation and technologically enabled and advance services and products. Customer relationship have been improved through implying customer relationship management practices, however drawing on the collected data, such practices needs to be further developed and improved. Services Due to innovative products and services offered by the bank during the recessed economic situation, the bank reported an improvement in its financial records. For example during the year 2008, more than 57,000 employees of the bank were engaged in volunteering and fundraising activities with a purpose of serving the community such as collecting donations for charitable causes. In addition to this, the market share of the banks mortgage lending also increased from 8 per cent to 36 per cent, whereas the income rate of the bank also increased up to  £ 23.1 billion by the end of year 2008. As suggested by the value chain analysis model, the above strategic system obtains further support through business infrastructure of the bank that has been assessed below: (Data source: Group.Barclays.com, 2009; Primary research see appendix 1) The infrastructure The bank has also been reported to form partnerships and alliances with micro-finance firms, technical providers, local charities and government so that the needs and demands of its customers and stakeholders can be addressed. The bank also cultivates a performance- base management system supported by organisational culture that regulates and facilitates target- oriented performances to be delivered by the employees and subsequently the bank. Human Resource Management The bank also practices diversity (cultural, ethnical and gender- based) while recruiting employees across the globe, solely based upon their talents. Secondly, the hard efforts and good performances of employees are rewarded and recognised. Most importantly the bank reports that women fill 25 per cent of senior managerial positions. This proportion has increased from 2 per cent from year 2007 up to 25 per cent during the financial year 2008. An estimated number of hundred and fifty three thousand employees are employed by the bank across the globe. Most importantly the bank claims to practice work- based diversity. Technological development The bank employs technology- based equipment in order to generate clean energy, reducing gas and carbon emissions along with reducing use of electricity and water. In order to further reduce the consumption of paper, it offers mobile banking services in India, UK etc. In South Africa, the bank offers services and products that help government welfare beneficiaries to obtain inclusion in the financial system. Procurement Barclays Bank plc also adapts to industrial best practices in supply chain monitoring in order to evaluate supply chain verification along with deploying tools and techniques that are aligned with adapted business strategies. The supply chain stretches across 50 countries where the bank operates. The strategic intent is to employ competent supply chain management practices so that the strategic and long-term business benefits can be obtained. Upon assessing the value chain of the bank, their researcher and now aims to examine five competitive forces responsible for redefining business strategies. In order to do so Porters (1998) tool of assessing five competitive forces have been implied: The force of threats of new entrants has been evaluated at a moderate level because the bank obtains its increased share of 36 per cent mortgage market in 2008, which is an increase from just 8 per cent market share in the financial year 2007. The bank had also obtained higher customer satisfaction rate in the UK raising from 64 per cent in 2007 to 67 per cent in 2008. Nevertheless, the bank also demonstrates increasing potential to bring this force to minimum because of the strategic practices it has adapted such as business diversity, employee diversity, environmental consumption, inclusive banking and strategic supply chain management initiatives. The industrial force of bargaining power of suppliers has been evaluated to be low due to the banks policy of development and deployment of supply chain through carrying out strict screening policies so that the business vision of the suppliers are in line with the business vision of the bank. It has also been observed that because of its dominant market presence, strategic market positioning along with banks investments made into developing its supply chain, Barclays is privileged to be the first choice of suppliers thus making this force low. The bargaining power of buyers has been evaluated to be at a modest level because buyers have other substitutes (banks, and financial institutions etc.) to attend to their banking needs. These needs can also be addressed by the competitors such as ABN Amro, Lloyds TSB, Royal Bank of Scotland, Standard Chartered and so on. It has also been assessed that this force can be lowered through banks continued commitment towards addressing customer demands and conducting ethical business. The threats of substitutes have been evaluated as low because of the distressed economic situation that makes it intricate for the substitutes entering into new markets that are regulated by cash starved economy. On the other hand, emerging economic nations such as Brazil, Russia, China and India could be a potential market for substitutes that are likely to promise positive results. This can induce competition for the bank with in the emerging / and developing economies. The industrial force of market rivalry among the financial organisations has been evaluated as extremely high because of the volatile banking sector resulting from mergers and business acquisitions, business alliances etc. that had been recently experienced by banking giants such as HBOS and Lehman Bros. In addition to this, the global economic distressed situation increases rivalry among financial institutions, services and products that are offered in the market since they are closely associated with economic conditions and interest rates, governed by the individual governments. A critical analysis / evaluation of results including an explanation of significant research findings Competitive advantage of Barclays Bank plc as a result of redefined business mission, strategies and practices Utilisation of competitive advantage model as proposed by Porter (table 3.1) while evaluating the banks competitive advantage demonstrates that the bank keeps an ambition of producing innovative and unique products and services by means of using innovative and technologically enabled organisational resources. In addition the organisation resources and subsequent competitive advantage that has been achieved by the bank adds value to the business by means of the adapted practices of supply chain management (section 3.1.2). Along with, the bank also provides inclusive banking services and products. Inclusive banking has been explained as helping those who are excluded from the financial system to join and benefit from it through opening 1.77 million accounts for low-income customers (Barclays Bank PLC Sustainability Review 2008, p12). The bank also concentrates to exercise sustainability strategy by means of demonstrating its commitment towards stabilizing and developing those economies where the bank operates. In addition the bank also concentrates on carrying out ethical business (such as reducing water gas and electricity usage, lowering down carbon emission, making communal investments, practicing diversity at work etc.). In particular the bank has also been observed as developing relationships with its stakeholders (employees, customers, shareholders, supply chain partners, business creditors and investors, community etc.) Conclusively the competitive advantage of the bank has been assessed as to differentiation and focused according to the Porters model of competitive advantage as illustrated in the table below. Table 3. 1. Porters model for competitive advantage Competitive advantage Low cost Differentiation Competitive scope Broad target Cost leadership Differentiation Competitive scope Narrow target Cost focus Differentiation focus 3.2.2. Drawing on the above analysis and evaluation, following factors have been identified that influences the redefinition of business mission and subsequent strategies and practices: The global economic recession that had influenced almost all the industrial sectors along with banking and finance sector, had immensely threatened industries resulting in bankruptcy, losing customers, losing market share, reduced global dominance along with business sustainability and growth. As suggested by analysts, the world is experiencing financial storm, further warning that US Federal Reserve has allowed the inflation genie out of the bottle and let its credibility fall below zero (The Sydney Morning Herald business 2008, p.1). The chief equity strategist of Barclays bank explains current economic situation as inflation shock underway further predicting a negative impact for financial assets (The Sydney Morning Herald business 2008, p.1). Barclays Bank further requires providing its clients and customers with innovative and competitively priced products and services so that the economic recession is cushioned otherwise cutthroat industrial competition could immensely effect the performance of the bank. This factor thus influences the bank to redefine its

Karl Swindlehurst Melancholy of the German Hussars :: English Literature

Karl Swindlehurst Melancholy of the German Hussars I have currently been studying three short stories. The first of the three short story’s The Melancholy Hussar of the German Legion is one of seven stories from the â€Å"Wessex Tales† . The genre of this story is generally based around love and issues and consequences related to love, and also distresses the complications and coincidences within the love story. The story itself has three main characters in which a love triangle is formed. Phyllis, Humphrey and Mateus are the main characters in which Phyllis was engaged to Humphrey through an agreed marriage arranged by both Humphrey and her father. However that engagement breaks down when Humphrey goes to Bath on a trip which lasted longer than both Phyllis and her father had expected. In this time Phyllis had meet a man named Mateus. Mateus was a corporal in the German Hussars and both Mateus and Phyllis fall in love. The plot is based around the love of Phyllis and Mateus and also how the plan of Mateus going AWOL falling to pieces, and the build up to his death. Mateus and Humphrey are entirely different to each other in a sense of character looks, actions, and general attitude towards Phyllis. We first get a description of Humphrey around line 56, â€Å" Interests within the Court - was one Humphrey Gould a bachelor a personage neither young nor old; neither good-looking nor positively plain† The description is detailed yet vague, it leaves very much to be desired, â€Å" neither young nor old† it’s very bland, imprecise James Hardy is suggesting he is of middle age. In this short description we can devise a brief image of Humphrey. Around line 107 we are introduced with the interesting character of Mateus. â€Å" Her attention was arrested by a solitary figure walking along the path† the introduction that James Hardy has chosen is rather different to Humphrey maybe suggesting in an early stage in the story that he is more important. â€Å" It’s aspect was so striking, so handsome, and his eyes were so blue and sad, abstracted.† The description is of more beauty compared to Humphrey’s suggesting quite obviously Mateus is the better looking man. The acquaintance of Phyllis by both men were distinctively different. Humphrey approached Dr. Grove Phyllis father for her hand in marriage, Humphrey having come from a highly respected family Dr. Grove was overwhelmed, and saw this as an great opportunity for his family. Mateus’ s meeting with Phyllis differed to Humphreys. He was simply walking past and they both noticed each other, on the whole a more romantic meeting.

Digging Up The Facts: Searching For Truth

The search for historical truth is a complex endeavor. It requires collaboration, interrogation, and imagination. Historical archaeologists study modern and post-modern communities and events through the excavation of material artifacts in order to explain and contextualize the past. While the methodology of archaeology employs excavation as well as social and forensic science, the theoretical premise is based the notion that one can â€Å"know† a particular culture by means of an exhaustive collection and analysis of its material documents.According to James Deetz in In Small Things Forgotten, historical archaeologists look at â€Å"material objects from the past† in order to â€Å"decode† the messages that these buried voices might tell (Deetz 4). They supplement and expand the work conducted by folklorists, sociologists, and anthropologists so as to reveal the manner in which earlier individuals lived, loved, and died (Deetz 5).On rare occasions and under favo rable cultural conditions, the findings of historical archaeologists serve as a corrective in that their work uncovers the â€Å"buried truths. † William M. Kelso, one of the most important historical archaeologists of our time, recently led a major project in Jamestown, Virginia. This endeavor centered on the â€Å"unearthing† of the James Fort and other material artifacts. In 2006, Kelso’s groundbreaking work resulted in a published narrative of his archeological dig: Jamestown: The Buried Truth.Subsequent to the book’s publication, in 2007, the Smithsonian Institution’s Museum of Natural History in partnership with the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities and the National Park Service sponsored an exhibit, Written in Bone, in commemoration of the 400th anniversary of the founding of Jamestown. An archeological team, led by Kelso, began their journey by identifying a twenty-two and one-half acre site. Through the use of quilt methods and excavation, they collected and examined the soil composition uncovering numerous seventeenth-century artifacts.Perhaps his greatest find was the remaining portion of the James Fort wall believed to have been destroyed by the James River. Kelso’s work â€Å"proved† that this could not have occurred for he unearthed the walls, interior structures, pits, and nearly one half million objects. Although his fascination with the James Fort reaches back four decades, Kelso’s diligence and skills as both archeologist and historian led him â€Å"literally to the soil† and, in so doing, he established a basis for a major revision of the colonial history of Virginia. Through the use of blueprints, CT scans, Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR),Mitochondrial DNA testing, and skeletal analyses, Kelso confirmed, and in 2002, uncovered a â€Å"gable-lidded coffin† believed to have been that of Captain Bartholomew Gosnold previously buried under a pit on the w est wall of the Fort. Although unable to confirm that the skeleton in the coffin was Gosnold’s remains through calcium traces and dental analysis, a captain’s leading staff was buried with him. The staff along with â€Å"wood stains in the soil and the patterns of nails† suggests that he was a significant leader in the founding of Jamestown (Kelso 142).Kelso’s discovery of the remains of the James Fort, constructed in the early seventeenth-century, raised new and important questions about extant historical interpretations regarding the people of Jamestown scholarship that, for the most part, has been based solely on the written documentary record. Gosnold’s buried but â€Å"well preserved pelvis† allowed forensic anthropologist, Douglas Owsley, to recently conclude that the â€Å"five- foot, three-inch European man died in his mid-to late thirties† (Kelso 142). Kelso’s work provides evidence of how Gosnold lived and died.In add ition, Kelso and the National Geographic Society received permission from the Church of England to examine the buried remains of Gosnold’s sister, Elizabeth Gosnold Tinley, buried in All Saint’s Church in Shelly and whose remains, after DNA testing, was determined to be inconclusive as to her biological relationship to the Captain (Kelso 155-56). Kelso’s uncovering of what remains of the James Fort contradicts assertions that the colony of Jamestown had failed because transplanted Englishmen simply refused to work or lacked the wisdom and ingenuity to be successful.In addition, Kelso, through his own â€Å"dig† for the truth, proved them false. The early settlers had been constant laborers and the James Fort had not been completely lost to the river. Kelso employed forensic science and anthropological data to determine erosion and unusual indentations in the soil. Kelso’s methods showed the limitations of utilizing written documents exclusively as a way of interpreting the past. According to Kelso, â€Å"the soil yielded a new understanding of the early years of Jamestown; a new picture of its settlers †¦ a new story of the interdependence between the Virginia settlers and the Virginia Indians† (Kelso 7).Kelso is not alone in utilizing an interdisciplinary approach. If we consider the founding and establishment of Virginia and Maryland, colonies that were constantly engaged in a border dispute, we can see certain patterns of development which the documentary record supports. But the documents do not show us the material items early colonists used such as the houses, tools, and weapons. While the archaeologist needs history to contextualize and identify patterns for the purpose of accuracy, the historian makes a more compelling case by incorporating material artifacts as a significant element of his or her analyses and interpretation.One might agree with Deetz who argues that the â€Å"documentary record and archa eological record complement each other† (Deetz 11). His examinations of the manner in which colonial people, black, white, and brown, in the Chesapeake lived and died provide a telling example of the interrelationship between historical methods and archaeological interpretation. In 1609 the London Company loaded the colonists in three ships and, in 1607, they arrived at the entrance to the Chesapeake Bay.Ordered by the Crown to seek a more inland region so as to better protect themselves from attacks by sea, the colonists settled farther up the James River near what would later become Richmond and Manchester. Jamestown, founded in 1607, provided protection from foreign attacks but was an unsuitable location due to poor drinking water, poor hunting ground, and farming. In addition, Native American attacks were frequent and unpredictable. Ill prepared and unable to sustain themselves, many of the colonists died from disease, starvation, and from warfare with the indigenous popul ation.With the arrival of Captain John Smith, as the story goes, the colony had its first chance at success. As a result of his leadership, historians argue, the colony sustained itself during the early years. In 1609, after Smith had returned to England, a drought severely limited colonial trade with England. In addition, unfavorable weather from 1609-1610 led to what has been described as â€Å"the starving time. † By 1610 over half of the population had died or was gravely ill. John Rolfe, who arrived in 1612, introduced two types of tobacco seeds to the colony: Orinoco and Sweet Scented.The success of these seed varieties provided a cash crop and a lucrative import item for the mother country. In addition, Rolfe’s marriage to Pocahontas, daughter of Chief Powhattan, in 1614, offered a relative measure of peace allowing for the use of more land to cultivate the soil depleting tobacco crop. In 1619 nearly one hundred women were brought to the colony as well as twenty Africans, initially as indentured servants and ultimately perpetual slaves. By 1632 Jamestown would be linked to the York River, the Middle Plantation, and later Williamsburg.It would become a thriving colony of landed gentry, small farmers, landless whites, displaced Natives, and enslaved Africans. Deetz offers a provocative discussion about African American dwellings, particularly the shotgun house which he considers the â€Å"most explicitly African vernacular architectural form to be found in America†¦ (Deetz 215). For Deetz, this structure shows clear signs of West African dwellings for â€Å"wherever Archaeologists find the shotgun house they find â€Å"evidence† of the viability of the African tradition in African American material culture† (Deetz 217). At the same time, Barbara J.Heath in her Hidden Lives: the Archaeology of Slave Life at Poplar Forest tells how excavators were able to determine soils connected with cellars, layers under buildings, as we ll as small objects buried adjacent to Thomas Jefferson’s retreat home southwest of his Monticello plantation. From the Poplar Forest slave quarters site, Heath and her crew obtained artifacts by â€Å"[screening] all soil from the site through one-quarter-inch hardware cloth† (Heath 32). They also found root cellars believed to have been the location where slaves stored or hid personal and contraband items (Heath 37).After three periods of controlled excavating, Heath was convinced that they had â€Å"uncovered the remains of a slave settlement† (Heath 31). Soil stains, seeds, tools, and bone fragments recovered from one site revealed the extent to which Africans lived under the restrictions and limitations of slavery in colonial America (Heath 67). Virginia and Maryland were the first colonies to utilize African slave labor on American soil. Unlike Virginia, however, Maryland established slavery at the time of its founding settlement at St. Mary in 1634.But mu ch like Virginia, Maryland transitioned from the indentured servitude to slavery by exploiting Native Americans and then Africans who cultivated tobacco and rice while others labored as skilled carpenters or blacksmiths. By 1664 slavery was perpetual in Maryland, meaning that the children assumed the status of the mother from cradle to grave. Although a colony established for Catholics, Maryland was also a place for Puritans to worship where the primary incentive for settlement was not the acquisition of wealth and status but for the purpose of religious freedom.Still, the increased numbers of Africans forced into the ‘New World† via the transatlantic trade allowed for the development of a distinct African culture on the American landscape. Once in the Chesapeake, colonists altered their views about what was possible in light of the large amounts of available land. Many became small self sufficient or large landowners within a community that was widely dispersed with few urban centers. They were dependent on agriculture and the export of tobacco that required slave labor for its long-term success.Maryland and Virginia used the head-right system, and during the initial landing in Maryland colonists traveled with their wives unlike Virginians who were, for the most part, single men. Marylanders also brought their indentured servants and as a result, the Chesapeake region evolved into an area defined by tobacco and slaves. The condition of enslaved and free blacks contributed to a distinct culture as Africans in America adapted to and transformed their environment. Well into the eighteenth-century Africans were exported directly from the African coast.The process of Americanization was not fully possible during this period because the colonists themselves did not have a clear sense of what it meant to be an American. Their colonial identity was seen through the prism of Great Britain. The mercantile system tied the colonists economically, politically, and culturally and many of the landed gentry saw themselves as part of a colonial aristocracy or as transplanted Englishmen. The ideology of Americanization must include resistance and assimilation.For example, the presence of cellars, according to Heath’s description, allowed for storage of items that may have been private or forbidden by the master. The existence of cellars represent material evidence of personal freedom within the confines of slavery. The process of Americanization is one that has been discussed by many scholars. Some historians argue that when African Americans were brought by ship and, later, in chains they acculturated and assimilated and, in so doing, became something totally different and uniquely American. Kelso, Deetz, and David A.Price in Love and Hate in Jamestown argue that Africans in America created something new but not something unrecognizable. Blacks created something that was at once African and American. The ground was both common and unc ommon situated on a shared landscape. Leland Ferguson’s Uncommon Ground: Archaeology and Early African America 1650-1800 shows that the South Carolina low country, a region defined by gang labor and rice cultivation, received a constant supply of blacks from West Africa and that through language and custom they were able to sustain a clear cultural connection to Africa even as they created their own Africa in America.Whether it be the shotgun house of Virginia, Jope’s arrival in Virginia with twenty slaves, or the pottery found at Jefferson’s Poplar Forest, â€Å"American democracy and American slavery put down their roots within weeks of each other,† processes that developed and changed over time (Price 194). Accuracy in the interpretation and management of written documents and material objects is a complicated task.A primary document, an item, written, visual, or material, from the period, may provide important details about a person or event as well a s context but it cannot provide empirical evidence. An artifact that has been excavated can show how an object was used, how it was made, and the possible status of its maker or user. The quality of the object can speak volumes about the values of the culture or community.When both types of documents are used, material and written, the participant observer walks away with a rich, more detailed and contextualized historical experience which, in most instances, brings the curious historian and the diligent archaeologist closer to that elusive thing called truth. Kelso and Heath used archaeology and history to get at the facts. Price, on the other hand, relied on the letters of John Rolfe, census, and government records. All of the previously mentioned scholars were trying to find out what â€Å"really† happened.They were excavating for the facts in order to arrive at the truth. Heath’s story was â€Å"woven,† Kelso performed an â€Å"autopsy of America† (Ke lso back cover blurb), Leland found commonality on â€Å"uncommon ground, Deetz listened to the soil, and Price combed the records. Heath is correct in her assertion that â€Å"human experience cannot be recovered from the detritus of everyday life. Yet even a partial story opens a fascinating window into the past, creating new questions and raising fresh questions† (Heath 3). Clearly all of the scholars were successful in digging up the facts for truth’s sake.

Monarch Migration

Monarch Migration The phenomenon of monarch migration in North America is well known, and quite extraordinary in the insect world. There are no other insects in the world that migrate twice each year for close to 3,000 miles. Monarchs living east of the Rocky Mountains in North America fly south each fall, gathering in central Mexicos Oyamel fir forest for the winter. Millions of monarchs gather in the this forest area, covering the trees so densely that branches break from their weight. Scientists aren’t sure how the butterflies navigate to a place they have never been. No other population of monarchs migrates this far. The Migrant Generation: The monarch butterflies that emerge from chrysalides in late summer and early fall differ from the previous generations. These migrant butterflies appear the same but behave quite differently. They will not mate or lay eggs. They feed on nectar, and cluster together during the cool evenings to stay warm. Their only purpose is to prepare for and make the flight south successfully. You can see a monarch emerge from its chrysalis in the photo gallery. Environmental factors trigger the migration. Fewer hours of daylight, cooler temperatures, and diminishing food supplies tell the monarchs it is time to move south. In March, the same butterflies that made the journey south will begin the return trip. The migrants fly to the southern U.S., where they mate and lay eggs. Their descendants will continue the migration north. In the northernmost part of the monarchs range, it may be the great grandchildren of the migrants that finish the trip. How Scientists Study Monarch Migration: In 1937, Frederick Urquhart was the first scientist to tag monarch butterflies in a quest to learn about their migration. In the 1950’s, he recruited a handful of volunteers to help in the tagging and monitoring efforts. Monarch tagging and research is now conducted by several universities with the help of thousands of volunteers, including school children and their teachers. The tags used today are small adhesive stickers, each printed with a unique ID number and contact information for the research project. A tag is placed on the butterfly’s hindwing, and does not impede flight. A person who finds a tagged monarch can report the date and location of the sighting to the researcher. The data collected from each season’s tags provides scientists with information about the migration path and timing. In 1975, Frederick Urquhart is also credited with finding the monarch’s wintering grounds in Mexico, which were unknown until that time. The site was actually discovered by Ken Brugger, a naturalist volunteering to help with the research. Read more about Urquhart and his lifelong study of monarchs. Energy-Saving Strategies: Remarkably, scientists discovered that migrating butterflies actually gain weight during their long journey. They store fat in their abdomens, and use air currents to glide as much as possible. These energy-saving strategies, together with feeding on nectar throughout the trip, help the migrants survive the arduous travel. The Day of the Dead: The monarchs arrive at their Mexico wintering grounds en masse in the final days of October. Their arrival coincides with el Dia de los Muertos, or the Day of the Dead, a Mexican traditional holiday that honors the deceased. The indigenous people of Mexico believe the butterflies are the returning souls of children and warriors. Sources: Monarch WatchLongest Regularly Repeated Migration, University of Florida

The Haunting of Hill House essays

The Haunting of Hill House essays The Haunting of Hill House is considered a classic to many people. It has a certain sense of feeling missing from today's novels. The Haunting of Hill House has suspense, horror, a little bit of romance, and an ending that will leave you thinking for days. Shirley Jackson is well known for her twisted work. At the beginning of the book, you our introduced to a character that has a major impact on all of its "guests". Hill House. "Hill House, not sane, stood by itself against the hills, holding darkness within." This is just one of the chilling sentences from the opening paragraph. The fear begins to set in. Shortly after, you are introduced to the strong yet cautious Dr. John Montague. He is a doctor of philosophy and has a new study up his sleeve. He is going to rent the "haunted" Hill House and document all that goes on. To accompany him and further the study, are three assistants. After considerable research, three patients are chosen. Eleanor Vance, Luke Sanderson, and Theodora (Theo) are the chosen few. You are first brought into the life of Eleanor Vance. Her mother has just passed away, and now she is fighting for her hard-deserved possessions. Eleanor has never been accepted. She has always been on her own and liked it that way. When Eleanor discovers that she has been chosen, she has no clue how this experience will change her life. Next, we are introduced to Theodora. Her last name is never revealed which gives her a sense of mystery. Theo could be considered any man's dream. She is quite beautiful and has that certain something. Theo gladly accepts the invitation to Hill House, and nothing more is said. Luke Sanderson is the future inheritor of Hill House. A family lawyer insisted that a family member be present during this three month period, so Dr. Montague gladly chose Luke. Shortly after, Eleanor, Theodora, Luke, Dr. Montague, and his secretary arrive at Hill House. They are introduced to the mysteriou...

Miep Gies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Miep Gies - Essay Example he aim of this article is to view if the actions of Miep Gies are considered as a heroic deed or as a betrayal in relation to the leaders of her country. Miep Gies was born in Vienna, and her initial name was Hermine Santroushits. Among other Austrian children suffering from malnutrition in the difficult years after World War I, she was sent to the Netherlands, where her foster-parents gave her a new name Miep. In 1933, a woman came to work for a company of Otto Frank, who fled to the Netherlands from Germany. It was the hard times. Ruud van Der Rol wrote in his book: â€Å"By the year Anny Frank was born, life in Germany had become very hard. Poverty and unemployment were at an all-time high and most Germans were very dissatisfied with their government† (1995, 16). In May 1940, the Nazis occupied the Netherlands, and began the oppression of the Jews. Frank knew that in the future, the situation would only get worse. Miep helped the Franks family and several other Dutch with her husband Ian, despite the serious risk, from 6 July 1942 until August 4, 1944, when the Gestapo found the shelter. They grabbed the Franks - parents an d their two daughters together with four other hiding Jews and sent them to the extermination camps for hard working. After that, Miep Gies found the shelter of Anne Franks diary, who was 15 years old at the time of the arrest and who later died of typhus in the concentration camp of Bergen-Belsen. It is believed that the Franks were the victims of a scammer. After the war even a special investigation was carried out, which resulted in finding of several suspects, but it was impossible to identify the traitor. Miep Gies kept the manuscript and did not even read it until the time when Annes father returned. Otto Frank – was the only survivor of the family. He published the diary in 1947, and it became one of the most famous and impressive documents about the atrocities of fascism. The story of Anna Frank definitely provides a demonstration

PRODUCT RECALL AND BRAND STRATEGY A Case Study on Toyota Corporation Essay

PRODUCT RECALL AND BRAND STRATEGY A Case Study on Toyota Corporation - Essay Example mmand a healthy following, the company has however concentrated its efforts in marketing the principal brand which is Toyota and its sub-brands (Daye & Van Auken, 2010). Until the product recalls, Toyota’s brand architecture hinged primarily on the Toyota name. It is typical for Japanese companies to focus their business and marketing efforts on a single corporate brand (Daye & Van Auken, 2010). This strategy has obvious advantages, such as the development of a strong culture around the master-brand and therefore making their marketing efforts more efficient (Thomson, 2010). It has strong implications in its production approach also, because the single brand allowed the firm to lessen the number of components it needed. Toyota’s sub-brands shared a large number of common parts, reducing design efforts and concentrating production on these shared components. â€Å"Compare this approach with US rival GM, which, until recently, was operating a house of brands structure with 11 distinct marques, and the reason for much of Toyotas success and GMs decline, becomes apparent† Daye & Auken, 2010). While there are obvious strengths, there is one glaring weakness in the brand focus strategy. Negative publicity which may attach for any reason to the master brand is going to affect not only all its existing sub-brands at the moment of the controversy, but also all future sub-brands still to be designed. It appears that this is the reason why Toyota’s strategy for 2011 and the near future is to shift global marketing emphasis to its Lexus brand (Toyota Annual Report for 2011, p. 11). The executive report also places emphasis on quality and safety as its two major parameters. Hence, the company strives to bring constant development in its operational and management process. Toyota’s production system â€Å"is steeped in the philosophy of ‘the complete elimination of all waste’ imbuing all aspects of production in pursuit of the most efficient methods† (Toyota